Annotated Bibliography.

Annotated Bibliography

 

• Gender Pay Equity in Advanced Countries: The Role of Parenthood and Policies

The gender wage gap in parenthood is more drastic than in childless couples/partners. In advanced countries, the wage gap between childless workers and workers who are parents have decreased over time. However, fathers will still earn wages and bonuses related to those of childless male. While mothers are pointed at and will still receive the same low wages and bonuses of childless females.

I think this article relates to and helps my research because I am looking into parenting styles and factors that might influence the way parenthood works for both male and female of different ethnic backgrounds.

Misra, J., & Strader, E. (2013). GENDER PAY EQUITY IN ADVANCED COUNTRIES: THE ROLE OF PARENTHOOD AND POLICIES. Journal of International Affairs, 67(1), 27-41. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/24461670

 

• The Evolving Role of Marriage: 1950-2010

The number of marriages within racial and ethnical groups have decreased. Cohabitation has become an alternative to marriage. Multiple children are born outside of a married couple. Now, the type of investment that can be provided on children is what defines the worthiness of marriage. If a marriage has the economic resources to invest in their children, then marriage is a commitment to the secure future of the children. However, if there are no resources to invest in the children, then limited independence is not worth a commitment.

I think this article is able to provide some more evidence to my research on how the economy and resources of a partner are now more important in order to find value on the relationship.

Lundberg, S., & Pollak, R. (2015). The Evolving Role of Marriage: 1950-2010. The Future of Children, 25(2), 29-50. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43581971

 

• Cultural and Contextual Influences on Parenting in Mexican American Families

The relationship both parents might have with their child can be affected by the stress level they hold. In this Mexican American study, families with both a mother and a father were looking into. By the end of the research, they found out the most common type of stress they suffer comes from economics. Also, when they live in an unpleasant neighborhood, somewhere the family does not enjoy living in, the father suffers more depression and stress than mothers.

This article is important to my research because it can be a potential factor that affects the way parents behave and share time with their children. Also, how stress can make a parent emotionally unstable.

White, R., Roosa, M., Weaver, S., Nair, R., & Murry, V. (2009). Cultural and Contextual Influences on Parenting in Mexican American Families. Journal of Marriage and Family, 71(1), 61-79. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40262859

 

• Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Maternal Parenting Stress: The Role of Structural Disadvantages and Parenting Values

The structural and cultural constant changes within a community can even project maternal parenting stress to women based on their ethnic background. A U.S born black mother present more disadvantages to a white mother due to values held by authority. In most cases, as it has always been, white natives obtain more advantage than immigrants

This article is important to my research because it goes in depth on the phenomenon that is the white-black gap. When the black mothers or any other minority have fewer advantages than white mothers, their stress level is increased far more than if a white mother and father were being compared.

Nomaguchi, K., & House, A. (2013). Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Maternal Parenting Stress: The Role of Structural Disadvantages and Parenting Values. Journal of Health and Social Behavior,54(3), 386-404. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43187061

 

• Sex Differences in Parenting Behaviors in Single-Mother and Single-Father Households

Some single-mother or single-father families that see their children’s behavior change is sometimes due to the bad parenting of such. However, often times it is also due to the children missing that second parent. This emotional detachment can sometimes directly or indirectly interfere with the social and academic performance of the children.

I think this article could be used as a counterargument because is not focusing on bad parenting or any parenting style, is instead focusing on an alternative to why children’s behavior might change after both parents split.

Dufur, M., Howell, N., Downey, D., Ainsworth, J., & Lapray, A. (2010). Sex Differences in Parenting Behaviors in Single-Mother and Single-Father Households. Journal of Marriage and Family,72(5), 1092-1106. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40865597